Joint Product and By Product quiz Cost Accounting Quiz On Nov 23, 2025 Share Joint Product and By Product 10 questions in 10 minutes Pass Score 70% 1 / 10 A company manufactures several products that originate in a joint process and are separated at a split-off point. Which one of the following methods of joint-cost allocation would allocate the same unit cost to each separable product ? Physical quantity method Net realizable value method Constant gross margin percentage method Sales value at split-off method The physical quantity (unit) method is the simplest; it allocates joint production costs to each product based on their relative proportions of the measure selected. Using this method results in a an identical unit cost for each separable product 2 / 10 Indirect and common costs often make up a significant portion of the cost of a product. All of the following are reasons for indirect cost allocation to cost objects except to : Reduce total costs identified with products Provide information for economic decision making Measure income and assets for external reporting purposes Justify costs for reimbursement purposes The total costs identified with products are unaffected by the treatment of indirect and common costs. The ability to identify a cost with a product is determined by traceability 3 / 10 Joint costs are useful for Setting the selling price of a product Evaluating management by means of a responsibility reporting system Determining whether to continue producing an item Determining inventory cost for accounting purposes Joint costs are useful for inventory costing when two or more identifiable products emerge from a common production process. The joint costs of production must be allocated on some basis, such as relative sales value 4 / 10 In joint-product costing and analysis, which one of the following costs is relevant when deciding the point at which a product should be sold to maximize profits ? Sales salaries for the period when the units were produced Separable costs after the split-off point Joint costs to the split-off point Purchase costs of the materials required for the joint products Joint products are created from processing a common input. Joint costs are incurred prior to the split-off point and cannot be identified with a particular joint product. As a result, joint costs are irrelevant to the timing of sale. However, separable costs incurred after the split-off point are relevant because, if incremental revenues exceed the separable costs, products should be processed further, not sold at the split-off point 5 / 10 In a production process where joint products are produced, the primary factor that will distinguish a joint product from a by-product is the Relative ease of selling the products Relative total volume of the products Relative total sales value of the products Accounting method used to allocate joint costs In a production process where joint products are produced, the primary factor that will distinguish a joint product from a by-product is the relative total sales value of the products 6 / 10 The distinction between joint products and by-products is largely dependent on : Salvage value Historical costs Prime costs Market value A by-product is one of relatively small total value. The first question that must be answered in regard to by-products is: Do the benefits of further processing and bringing them to market exceed the costs; that is, is the incremental revenue worth the effort? Market price determines this. The same can essentially be said for the main products of the production process 7 / 10 If all of the joint products are sold at the split-off point and an overall profit is made on all of the products, which one of the following joint costing methods will result in the same gross margin percentage on each joint product ? Physical measures method using weight Physical measures method using production volume Sales value at split-off method Physical measures method using sales volume The sales value at split-off method is based on the relative sales values of the separate costs at split-off. Gross margin percentage is calculated as the difference between sales price and cost divided by sales price. Since each joint product receives the amount of separate cost proportional to its sales value, the gross margin percentage calculation will be the same. For instance, if there are two products whose sales prices are $40 and $60, respectively, the joint product costs allocated will also be in a 2:3 ratio, e.g., $10 and $15. The first product will have a gross margin percentage of the following: ($40 – $10) ÷ $40 = 75% The second product will also have a gross margin percentage of the following: ($60 – $15) ÷ $60 = 75% 8 / 10 A company produces three main joint products and one by-product. The by-product‟s relative sales value is quite low compared with that of the main products. The preferable accounting for the by product‟s net realizable value is as A separate net realizable value upon which to allocate some of the common costs An addition to the revenues of the other products allocated on the basis of their respective net realizable values Revenue in the period it is sold A reduction in the common cost to be allocated to the three main products Because of the relatively small sales value, a cost-effective allocation method is used for by-products. The net realizable value of by-products is usually deducted from the cost of the main products 9 / 10 The principal disadvantage of using the physical quantity method of allocating joint costs is that Physical quantities may be difficult to measure Costs assigned to inventories may have no relationship to value Joint costs, by definition, should not be separated on a unit basis Additional processing costs affect the allocation base Joint costs are most often assigned on the basis of relative sales values or net realizable values. Basing allocations on physical quantities, such as pounds, gallons, etc., is usually not desirable because the costs assigned may have no relationship to value. When large items have low selling prices and small items have high selling prices, the large items might always sell at a loss when physical quantities are used to allocate joint costs 10 / 10 All of the following are methods of allocating joint costs to joint products except Physical quantities method Net realizable value method Separable production cost method Gross market value method No “separable production cost method” is recognized for allocating joint costs. The nature of the problem is such that all costs are joint and cannot be separated Your score is LinkedIn Facebook Twitter VKontakte 0% Send feedback Follow the Facebook page Accountants Quiz and join the group Accounting Quiz a joint product isby productby product definition
